BLACK HISTORY MONTH THREAD

[0cks]

Originally Posted by TheGoldenChild

and because africa is poor, you think it is the fault of capitalism? you should tell them to stop killing each other.. africans killing other africans just cause they are a different tribe.

So that's what it do? Africa is like THEEEE most misunderstood continent...WOW

 

[0cks]

Originally Posted by TheGoldenChild

and because africa is poor, you think it is the fault of capitalism? you should tell them to stop killing each other.. africans killing other africans just cause they are a different tribe.

So that's what it do? Africa is like THEEEE most misunderstood continent...WOW

 

[cobra kai]

SHOUTOUT TO ALL THE MEN OF ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC IN THIS THREAD. 

Originally Posted by HipHopDoc09

YEEEEESSSSSSSS!!!

^whenever this pic is posted, i always make it a fact that people also praise the aussie in this pic as well. dude went through a lot after takin a stand with his two black brothers.
MARTIN AND CO wrote:

---

Kid Cudi would be perfect for his biography movie. 

thread

 

[cobra kai]

SHOUTOUT TO ALL THE MEN OF ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC IN THIS THREAD. 

Originally Posted by HipHopDoc09

YEEEEESSSSSSSS!!!

^whenever this pic is posted, i always make it a fact that people also praise the aussie in this pic as well. dude went through a lot after takin a stand with his two black brothers.
MARTIN AND CO wrote:

---

Kid Cudi would be perfect for his biography movie. 

thread

 

[antonlavey]

Originally Posted by 0cks

Originally Posted by TheGoldenChild

and because africa is poor, you think it is the fault of capitalism? you should tell them to stop killing each other.. africans killing other africans just cause they are a different tribe.

So that's what it do? Africa is like THEEEE most misunderstood continent...WOW

Create an imaginary nation-put the minority tribe with more "European" features in leadership-end colonialism-dominant tribe rebels-GENOCIDE=RWANDA


people are ^%%$$ stupid and race has nothing to do with it. Golden child is a ignorant and a hypocrite.
    

 

[antonlavey]

Originally Posted by 0cks

Originally Posted by TheGoldenChild

and because africa is poor, you think it is the fault of capitalism? you should tell them to stop killing each other.. africans killing other africans just cause they are a different tribe.

So that's what it do? Africa is like THEEEE most misunderstood continent...WOW

Create an imaginary nation-put the minority tribe with more "European" features in leadership-end colonialism-dominant tribe rebels-GENOCIDE=RWANDA


people are ^%%$$ stupid and race has nothing to do with it. Golden child is a ignorant and a hypocrite.
    

 

[cobra kai]

^whenever this pic is posted, i always make it a fact that people also praise the aussie in this pic as well. dude went through a lot after takin a stand with his two black brothers.

DON'T SLEEP ON PETER NORMAN.

What is less known is that Norman, a white Australian, donned a badge on the podium in support of their cause, the Olympic Project for Human Rights(OPHR). After the race, Carlos and Smith told Norman what they were planning to do during the ceremony. As Flanagan wrote: "They asked Norman if he believed in human rights. He said he did. They asked him if he believed in God. Norman, who came from a Salvation Army background, said he believed strongly in God. "We knew that what we were going to do was far greater than any athletic feat. He said, 'I'll stand with you'." Carlos said he expected to see fear in Norman's eyes. He didn't. "I saw love.[sup][5][/sup] On the way out to the medal ceremony, Norman saw the badge being worn by Paul Hoffman, a white member of the US Rowing Team, and asked him if he could wear it.[sup][6][/sup] It was also Norman who suggested that Smith and Carlos share the black gloves used in their salute, after Carlos left his gloves in the Olympic Village.[sup][7][/sup] This is the reason for Tommie Smith raising his right fist, while John Carlos raised his left. Asked about his support of Smith and Carlos' cause by the world's press, Norman said he opposed his country's government's White Australia policy, which although revoked by 1968 still meant that aboriginal Australians were not included in the national census, and suffering both legal and socio-economic disadvantage compared to most other Australians.[sup][8][/sup]

Australia's Olympic authorities reprimanded him and the Australian media ostracised him. Despite Norman running qualifying times for the 100m five times, and 200m 13 times during 1971/72 the Australian Olympic track team did not send him, or any other male sprinters, to the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, the first ever modern Olympics where no Australian sprinters participated.[sup][color= rgb(6, 69, 173)][[/color]9[color= rgb(6, 69, 173)]][/color][/sup]
Don't know how to embed videos. 

 

[cobra kai]

^whenever this pic is posted, i always make it a fact that people also praise the aussie in this pic as well. dude went through a lot after takin a stand with his two black brothers.

DON'T SLEEP ON PETER NORMAN.

What is less known is that Norman, a white Australian, donned a badge on the podium in support of their cause, the Olympic Project for Human Rights(OPHR). After the race, Carlos and Smith told Norman what they were planning to do during the ceremony. As Flanagan wrote: "They asked Norman if he believed in human rights. He said he did. They asked him if he believed in God. Norman, who came from a Salvation Army background, said he believed strongly in God. "We knew that what we were going to do was far greater than any athletic feat. He said, 'I'll stand with you'." Carlos said he expected to see fear in Norman's eyes. He didn't. "I saw love.[sup][5][/sup] On the way out to the medal ceremony, Norman saw the badge being worn by Paul Hoffman, a white member of the US Rowing Team, and asked him if he could wear it.[sup][6][/sup] It was also Norman who suggested that Smith and Carlos share the black gloves used in their salute, after Carlos left his gloves in the Olympic Village.[sup][7][/sup] This is the reason for Tommie Smith raising his right fist, while John Carlos raised his left. Asked about his support of Smith and Carlos' cause by the world's press, Norman said he opposed his country's government's White Australia policy, which although revoked by 1968 still meant that aboriginal Australians were not included in the national census, and suffering both legal and socio-economic disadvantage compared to most other Australians.[sup][8][/sup]

Australia's Olympic authorities reprimanded him and the Australian media ostracised him. Despite Norman running qualifying times for the 100m five times, and 200m 13 times during 1971/72 the Australian Olympic track team did not send him, or any other male sprinters, to the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, the first ever modern Olympics where no Australian sprinters participated.[sup][color= rgb(6, 69, 173)][[/color]9[color= rgb(6, 69, 173)]][/color][/sup]
Don't know how to embed videos. 

 

[0cks]

http://[h1]Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.[/h1]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation,search
[table][tr][th=""]Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.[/th][/tr][tr][td][img]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Robertlawrence.jpg[/img][/td][/tr][tr][th=""]USAF Astronaut[/th][/tr][tr][th="row"]Nationality[/th][td]American[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Status[/th][td]Killed during training[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Born[/th][td]October 2, 1935(1935-10-02)
Chicago, Illinois[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Died[/th][td]December 8, 1967(1967-12-0 (aged 32)
Edwards Air Force Base, California[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Other occupation[/th][td]Test pilot[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Rank[/th][td]Major, USAF[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Time in space[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Selection[/th][td]1967 USAF MOL Group[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Missions[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Mission insignia[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][/table]
Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr. (October 2, 1935 - December 8, 1967) was a United States Air Force officer and the first African-American astronaut.[sup][1][/sup]
[table][tr][td]
[h2]Contents[/h2]

• 1 Early years
• 2 Military career
• 3 References
• 4 External links

[/td][/tr][/table][h2][edit] Early years[/h2]
At the age of 16, he graduated in the top 10 percent from Englewood High School in Chicago. At the age of 20, he graduated from Bradley University with a Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry. At Bradley, he distinguished himself as Cadet Commander in the Air Force ROTC and received the commission of Second Lieutenant in the Air Force Reserve Program.

At the age of 21 he was designated as a U.S. Air Force pilot after completing flight training at Malden Air Force Base.

At 22, he married Barbara Cress, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Henry Cress of Chicago. By the time he was 25, he had completed an Air Force assignment as an instructor pilot in the T-33 training aircraft for the German Air Force.

In 1965, Lawrence earned a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Ohio State University.[sup][2][/sup] His dissertation related to that part of chemistry which involved the conversion of tritium rays to methane gas.[sup][3][/sup]
[h2][edit] Military career[/h2]
He was a senior USAF pilot, accumulating well over 2,500 flight hours—2,000 of which were in jets. Lawrence flew many tests in the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter to investigate the gliding flight of various unpowered spacecraft returning to Earth from orbit, such as the North American X-15 rocket-plane. NASA cited Lawrence for accomplishments and flight maneuver data that "contributed greatly to the development of the Space Shuttle."[sup][1][/sup]

In June 1967, Lawrence successfully completed the Air Force Flight Test Pilot Training School at Edwards AFB, California. That same month he was selected by the USAF as an astronaut in the Air Force's Manned Orbital Laboratory (MOL) program, thus becoming the first black astronaut.

Lawrence was killed on December 8, 1967, in the crash of an F-104 Starfighter at Edwards Air Force Base, California. He was flying backseat on the mission as the instructor pilot for a flight test trainee learning the steep-descent glide technique. The pilot flying made such an approach but flared too late. The airplane struck the ground hard, the main gear failed, and the airplane caught fire. The front seat pilot of the aircraft successfully ejected upon ground impact and survived the accident, but with major injuries. By the time Lawrence ejected, the airplane had rolled onto one side and his ejection seat, with Lawrence still in it, struck the ground, killing him instantly.

Had Lawrence lived he likely would have been among the MOL astronauts who transferred to NASA after the program's cancellation, all of whom flew on the Space Shuttle.[sup][4][/sup] During his brief career, Lawrence earned the Air Force Commendation Medal, the Outstanding Unit Citation, and was posthumously awarded the Purple Heart medal. After many years of relative obscurity, on December 8, 1997, his name was inscribed on the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.[sup][1][/sup]

 

[0cks]

http://[h1]Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.[/h1]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation,search
[table][tr][th=""]Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.[/th][/tr][tr][td][img]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Robertlawrence.jpg[/img][/td][/tr][tr][th=""]USAF Astronaut[/th][/tr][tr][th="row"]Nationality[/th][td]American[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Status[/th][td]Killed during training[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Born[/th][td]October 2, 1935(1935-10-02)
Chicago, Illinois[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Died[/th][td]December 8, 1967(1967-12-0 (aged 32)
Edwards Air Force Base, California[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Other occupation[/th][td]Test pilot[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Rank[/th][td]Major, USAF[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Time in space[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Selection[/th][td]1967 USAF MOL Group[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Missions[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Mission insignia[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][/table]
Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr. (October 2, 1935 - December 8, 1967) was a United States Air Force officer and the first African-American astronaut.[sup][1][/sup]
[table][tr][td]
[h2]Contents[/h2]

• 1 Early years
• 2 Military career
• 3 References
• 4 External links

[/td][/tr][/table][h2][edit] Early years[/h2]
At the age of 16, he graduated in the top 10 percent from Englewood High School in Chicago. At the age of 20, he graduated from Bradley University with a Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry. At Bradley, he distinguished himself as Cadet Commander in the Air Force ROTC and received the commission of Second Lieutenant in the Air Force Reserve Program.

At the age of 21 he was designated as a U.S. Air Force pilot after completing flight training at Malden Air Force Base.

At 22, he married Barbara Cress, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Henry Cress of Chicago. By the time he was 25, he had completed an Air Force assignment as an instructor pilot in the T-33 training aircraft for the German Air Force.

In 1965, Lawrence earned a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Ohio State University.[sup][2][/sup] His dissertation related to that part of chemistry which involved the conversion of tritium rays to methane gas.[sup][3][/sup]
[h2][edit] Military career[/h2]
He was a senior USAF pilot, accumulating well over 2,500 flight hours—2,000 of which were in jets. Lawrence flew many tests in the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter to investigate the gliding flight of various unpowered spacecraft returning to Earth from orbit, such as the North American X-15 rocket-plane. NASA cited Lawrence for accomplishments and flight maneuver data that "contributed greatly to the development of the Space Shuttle."[sup][1][/sup]

In June 1967, Lawrence successfully completed the Air Force Flight Test Pilot Training School at Edwards AFB, California. That same month he was selected by the USAF as an astronaut in the Air Force's Manned Orbital Laboratory (MOL) program, thus becoming the first black astronaut.

Lawrence was killed on December 8, 1967, in the crash of an F-104 Starfighter at Edwards Air Force Base, California. He was flying backseat on the mission as the instructor pilot for a flight test trainee learning the steep-descent glide technique. The pilot flying made such an approach but flared too late. The airplane struck the ground hard, the main gear failed, and the airplane caught fire. The front seat pilot of the aircraft successfully ejected upon ground impact and survived the accident, but with major injuries. By the time Lawrence ejected, the airplane had rolled onto one side and his ejection seat, with Lawrence still in it, struck the ground, killing him instantly.

Had Lawrence lived he likely would have been among the MOL astronauts who transferred to NASA after the program's cancellation, all of whom flew on the Space Shuttle.[sup][4][/sup] During his brief career, Lawrence earned the Air Force Commendation Medal, the Outstanding Unit Citation, and was posthumously awarded the Purple Heart medal. After many years of relative obscurity, on December 8, 1997, his name was inscribed on the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.[sup][1][/sup]

 

[p0tat0 5alad]

Originally Posted by MARTIN AND CO

The most significant black painter in history, and again, one of my favorites -- black or otherwise

[h3]Biography[/h3]
[size=+1]J[/size]ean-Michel Basquiat was born on December 22, 1960 in Brooklyn, New York.  His father, Gerard Basquiat was born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti and his mother, Matilde was born in Brooklyn of Puerto Rican parents. Early on, Basquiat displayed a proficiency in art which was encouraged by his mother. In 1977, Basquiat, along with friend Al Diaz begins spray painting cryptic aphorisms on subway trains and around lower Manhattan and signing them with the name SAMO[size=-1][emoji]169[/emoji][/size]  (Same Old !$@$).  "SAMO[size=-1][emoji]169[/emoji][/size] as an end to mindwash religion, nowhere politics, and bogus philosophy," "SAMO[size=-1][emoji]169[/emoji][/size] saves idiots," "Plush safe he think; SAMO[size=-1][emoji]169[/emoji][/size] ."

[size=+1]I[/size]n 1978 Basquiat left home for good and quit school just one year before graduating form high school. He lived with  friends and began selling hand painted postcards and T-shirts.  In June of 1980, Basquiat's art was publicly exhibited for the first time in a show sponsored by Colab (Collaborative Projects Incorporated) along with the work of Jenny Holzer, Lee Quinones, Kenny Scharf, Kiki Smith, Robin Winters, John Ahearn, Jane Dickson, Mike Glier, Mimi Gross, and David Hammons. Basquiat continued to exhibit his work around New York City and in Europe, participating in shows along with the likes of Keith Haring,Barbara Kruger. 

[size=+1]I[/size]n December of 1981, poet and artist Rene Ricard published the first major article on Basquiat entitled "The Radiant Child" in Artforum.  In 1982, Basquiat was featured in the group show "Transavanguardia: Italia/America" along with Neo-Expressionists Sandro Chia, Francesco Clemente, Enzu Cucchi, David Deutsch, David Salle, and Julian Schnabel (who will go on to direct the biographical film Basquiat in 1996). In 1983 Basquiat had one-artist exhibitions at the galleries of Annina Nosei and Larry Gagosian and was also included in the "1983 Biennial Exhibition" at the Whitney Museum of American Art. It was also in 1983 that Basquiat was befriended by Andy Warhol, a relationship which sparked discussion concerning white patronization of black art, a conflict which remains, to this day, at the center of most discussions of Basquiat's life and work. Basquiat and Warhol collaborated on a number of paintings, none of which are are critically acclaimed.  Their relationship continued, despite this, until Warhol's death in 1987. 

[size=+1]B[/size]y 1984, many of Basquiat's friends had become quite concerned about his excessive drug use, often finding him unkempt and in a state of paranoia.  Basquiat's paranoia was also fueled by the very real threat of people stealing work from his apartment and of art dealers taking unfinished work from his studio.  On February 10, 1985,  Basquiat appeared on the cover of The New York Times Magazine, posing for the Cathleen McGuigan article "New Art, New Money: The Marketing of an American Artist."  In March , Basquiat had his second one-artist show at the Mary Boone Gallery.  In the exhibition catalogue, Robert Farris Thompson spoke of Basquiat's work in terms of an Afro-Atlantic tradition, a context in which this art had never been discussed. 

[size=+1]I[/size]n 1986, Basquiat travelled to Africa for the first time and his work was shown in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. In November, a large exhibition of more than sixty paintings and drawings opened at the Kestner-Gesellschaft in Hannover; at twenty-five Basquiat was the youngest artist ever given an exhibition there. In 1988, Basquiat had shows in both Paris and New York; the New York show was praised by some critics, an encouraging development.  Basquiat attempted to kick his heroin addiction by leaving the temptations of New York for his ranch in Hawaii.  He returned to New York in June claiming to be drug-free.  On August 12 , Basquiat died as the result of a heroin overdose. He was 27. 

I just watched the documentary on him this morning. I'm 

 on his pieces but dude's work ethic, philosophies, subject matter, etc are appreciated

 

[p0tat0 5alad]

Originally Posted by MARTIN AND CO

The most significant black painter in history, and again, one of my favorites -- black or otherwise

[h3]Biography[/h3]
[size=+1]J[/size]ean-Michel Basquiat was born on December 22, 1960 in Brooklyn, New York.  His father, Gerard Basquiat was born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti and his mother, Matilde was born in Brooklyn of Puerto Rican parents. Early on, Basquiat displayed a proficiency in art which was encouraged by his mother. In 1977, Basquiat, along with friend Al Diaz begins spray painting cryptic aphorisms on subway trains and around lower Manhattan and signing them with the name SAMO[size=-1][emoji]169[/emoji][/size]  (Same Old !$@$).  "SAMO[size=-1][emoji]169[/emoji][/size] as an end to mindwash religion, nowhere politics, and bogus philosophy," "SAMO[size=-1][emoji]169[/emoji][/size] saves idiots," "Plush safe he think; SAMO[size=-1][emoji]169[/emoji][/size] ."

[size=+1]I[/size]n 1978 Basquiat left home for good and quit school just one year before graduating form high school. He lived with  friends and began selling hand painted postcards and T-shirts.  In June of 1980, Basquiat's art was publicly exhibited for the first time in a show sponsored by Colab (Collaborative Projects Incorporated) along with the work of Jenny Holzer, Lee Quinones, Kenny Scharf, Kiki Smith, Robin Winters, John Ahearn, Jane Dickson, Mike Glier, Mimi Gross, and David Hammons. Basquiat continued to exhibit his work around New York City and in Europe, participating in shows along with the likes of Keith Haring,Barbara Kruger. 

[size=+1]I[/size]n December of 1981, poet and artist Rene Ricard published the first major article on Basquiat entitled "The Radiant Child" in Artforum.  In 1982, Basquiat was featured in the group show "Transavanguardia: Italia/America" along with Neo-Expressionists Sandro Chia, Francesco Clemente, Enzu Cucchi, David Deutsch, David Salle, and Julian Schnabel (who will go on to direct the biographical film Basquiat in 1996). In 1983 Basquiat had one-artist exhibitions at the galleries of Annina Nosei and Larry Gagosian and was also included in the "1983 Biennial Exhibition" at the Whitney Museum of American Art. It was also in 1983 that Basquiat was befriended by Andy Warhol, a relationship which sparked discussion concerning white patronization of black art, a conflict which remains, to this day, at the center of most discussions of Basquiat's life and work. Basquiat and Warhol collaborated on a number of paintings, none of which are are critically acclaimed.  Their relationship continued, despite this, until Warhol's death in 1987. 

[size=+1]B[/size]y 1984, many of Basquiat's friends had become quite concerned about his excessive drug use, often finding him unkempt and in a state of paranoia.  Basquiat's paranoia was also fueled by the very real threat of people stealing work from his apartment and of art dealers taking unfinished work from his studio.  On February 10, 1985,  Basquiat appeared on the cover of The New York Times Magazine, posing for the Cathleen McGuigan article "New Art, New Money: The Marketing of an American Artist."  In March , Basquiat had his second one-artist show at the Mary Boone Gallery.  In the exhibition catalogue, Robert Farris Thompson spoke of Basquiat's work in terms of an Afro-Atlantic tradition, a context in which this art had never been discussed. 

[size=+1]I[/size]n 1986, Basquiat travelled to Africa for the first time and his work was shown in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. In November, a large exhibition of more than sixty paintings and drawings opened at the Kestner-Gesellschaft in Hannover; at twenty-five Basquiat was the youngest artist ever given an exhibition there. In 1988, Basquiat had shows in both Paris and New York; the New York show was praised by some critics, an encouraging development.  Basquiat attempted to kick his heroin addiction by leaving the temptations of New York for his ranch in Hawaii.  He returned to New York in June claiming to be drug-free.  On August 12 , Basquiat died as the result of a heroin overdose. He was 27. 

I just watched the documentary on him this morning. I'm 

 on his pieces but dude's work ethic, philosophies, subject matter, etc are appreciated

 

[antonlavey]

Originally Posted by 0cks


http://[h1]Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.[/h1]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search
[table][tr][th=""]Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.[/th][/tr][tr][td][img]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Robertlawrence.jpg[/img][/td][/tr][tr][th=""]USAF Astronaut[/th][/tr][tr][th="row"]Nationality[/th][td]American[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Status[/th][td]Killed during training[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Born[/th][td]October 2, 1935(1935-10-02)
Chicago, Illinois[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Died[/th][td]December 8, 1967(1967-12-0 (aged 32)
Edwards Air Force Base, California[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Other occupation[/th][td]Test pilot[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Rank[/th][td]Major, USAF[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Time in space[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Selection[/th][td]1967 USAF MOL Group[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Missions[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Mission insignia[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][/table]
Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr. (October 2, 1935 - December 8, 1967) was a United States Air Force officer and the first African-American astronaut.[sup][1][/sup]
[table][tr][td]
[h2]Contents[/h2]

• 1 Early years
• 2 Military career
• 3 References
• 4 External links

[/td][/tr][/table][h2][edit] Early years[/h2]
At the age of 16, he graduated in the top 10 percent from Englewood High School in Chicago. At the age of 20, he graduated from Bradley University with a Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry. At Bradley, he distinguished himself as Cadet Commander in the Air Force ROTC and received the commission of Second Lieutenant in the Air Force Reserve Program.

At the age of 21 he was designated as a U.S. Air Force pilot after completing flight training at Malden Air Force Base.

At 22, he married Barbara Cress, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Henry Cress of Chicago. By the time he was 25, he had completed an Air Force assignment as an instructor pilot in the T-33 training aircraft for the German Air Force.

In 1965, Lawrence earned a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Ohio State University.[sup][2][/sup] His dissertation related to that part of chemistry which involved the conversion of tritium rays to methane gas.[sup][3][/sup]
[h2][edit] Military career[/h2]
He was a senior USAF pilot, accumulating well over 2,500 flight hours—2,000 of which were in jets. Lawrence flew many tests in the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter to investigate the gliding flight of various unpowered spacecraft returning to Earth from orbit, such as the North American X-15 rocket-plane. NASA cited Lawrence for accomplishments and flight maneuver data that "contributed greatly to the development of the Space Shuttle."[sup][1][/sup]

In June 1967, Lawrence successfully completed the Air Force Flight Test Pilot Training School at Edwards AFB, California. That same month he was selected by the USAF as an astronaut in the Air Force's Manned Orbital Laboratory (MOL) program, thus becoming the first black astronaut.

Lawrence was killed on December 8, 1967, in the crash of an F-104 Starfighter at Edwards Air Force Base, California. He was flying backseat on the mission as the instructor pilot for a flight test trainee learning the steep-descent glide technique. The pilot flying made such an approach but flared too late. The airplane struck the ground hard, the main gear failed, and the airplane caught fire. The front seat pilot of the aircraft successfully ejected upon ground impact and survived the accident, but with major injuries. By the time Lawrence ejected, the airplane had rolled onto one side and his ejection seat, with Lawrence still in it, struck the ground, killing him instantly.

Had Lawrence lived he likely would have been among the MOL astronauts who transferred to NASA after the program's cancellation, all of whom flew on the Space Shuttle.[sup][4][/sup] During his brief career, Lawrence earned the Air Force Commendation Medal, the Outstanding Unit Citation, and was posthumously awarded the Purple Heart medal. After many years of relative obscurity, on December 8, 1997, his name was inscribed on the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.[sup][1][/sup]

for people who stil doubt how much African Americans have meant to this country look at the demographics of our military

This is one of my motivations to become a military man. I got into the airforce for school but I backed out the last sec but I think I may go through with it soon.

 

[antonlavey]

Originally Posted by 0cks


http://[h1]Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.[/h1]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search
[table][tr][th=""]Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr.[/th][/tr][tr][td][img]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Robertlawrence.jpg[/img][/td][/tr][tr][th=""]USAF Astronaut[/th][/tr][tr][th="row"]Nationality[/th][td]American[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Status[/th][td]Killed during training[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Born[/th][td]October 2, 1935(1935-10-02)
Chicago, Illinois[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Died[/th][td]December 8, 1967(1967-12-0 (aged 32)
Edwards Air Force Base, California[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Other occupation[/th][td]Test pilot[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Rank[/th][td]Major, USAF[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Time in space[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Selection[/th][td]1967 USAF MOL Group[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Missions[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][tr][th="row"]Mission insignia[/th][td]None[/td][/tr][/table]
Robert Henry Lawrence, Jr. (October 2, 1935 - December 8, 1967) was a United States Air Force officer and the first African-American astronaut.[sup][1][/sup]
[table][tr][td]
[h2]Contents[/h2]

• 1 Early years
• 2 Military career
• 3 References
• 4 External links

[/td][/tr][/table][h2][edit] Early years[/h2]
At the age of 16, he graduated in the top 10 percent from Englewood High School in Chicago. At the age of 20, he graduated from Bradley University with a Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry. At Bradley, he distinguished himself as Cadet Commander in the Air Force ROTC and received the commission of Second Lieutenant in the Air Force Reserve Program.

At the age of 21 he was designated as a U.S. Air Force pilot after completing flight training at Malden Air Force Base.

At 22, he married Barbara Cress, daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Henry Cress of Chicago. By the time he was 25, he had completed an Air Force assignment as an instructor pilot in the T-33 training aircraft for the German Air Force.

In 1965, Lawrence earned a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Ohio State University.[sup][2][/sup] His dissertation related to that part of chemistry which involved the conversion of tritium rays to methane gas.[sup][3][/sup]
[h2][edit] Military career[/h2]
He was a senior USAF pilot, accumulating well over 2,500 flight hours—2,000 of which were in jets. Lawrence flew many tests in the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter to investigate the gliding flight of various unpowered spacecraft returning to Earth from orbit, such as the North American X-15 rocket-plane. NASA cited Lawrence for accomplishments and flight maneuver data that "contributed greatly to the development of the Space Shuttle."[sup][1][/sup]

In June 1967, Lawrence successfully completed the Air Force Flight Test Pilot Training School at Edwards AFB, California. That same month he was selected by the USAF as an astronaut in the Air Force's Manned Orbital Laboratory (MOL) program, thus becoming the first black astronaut.

Lawrence was killed on December 8, 1967, in the crash of an F-104 Starfighter at Edwards Air Force Base, California. He was flying backseat on the mission as the instructor pilot for a flight test trainee learning the steep-descent glide technique. The pilot flying made such an approach but flared too late. The airplane struck the ground hard, the main gear failed, and the airplane caught fire. The front seat pilot of the aircraft successfully ejected upon ground impact and survived the accident, but with major injuries. By the time Lawrence ejected, the airplane had rolled onto one side and his ejection seat, with Lawrence still in it, struck the ground, killing him instantly.

Had Lawrence lived he likely would have been among the MOL astronauts who transferred to NASA after the program's cancellation, all of whom flew on the Space Shuttle.[sup][4][/sup] During his brief career, Lawrence earned the Air Force Commendation Medal, the Outstanding Unit Citation, and was posthumously awarded the Purple Heart medal. After many years of relative obscurity, on December 8, 1997, his name was inscribed on the Space Mirror Memorial at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.[sup][1][/sup]

for people who stil doubt how much African Americans have meant to this country look at the demographics of our military

This is one of my motivations to become a military man. I got into the airforce for school but I backed out the last sec but I think I may go through with it soon.

 

[0cks]

Pretty good read showing the struggle just to get props

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/...ews-black_history_month/

 

[0cks]

Pretty good read showing the struggle just to get props

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/...ews-black_history_month/

 

[servechilled81]

Originally Posted by AntonLaVey

Originally Posted by airmaxpenny1

Also happen to be gay

who is this?

Bayard Rustin

 

[servechilled81]

Originally Posted by AntonLaVey

Originally Posted by airmaxpenny1

Also happen to be gay

who is this?

Bayard Rustin

 

[dame theory]

His son goes to Emory.



... 06...maybe...

...






...

 

[dame theory]

His son goes to Emory.



... 06...maybe...

...






...

 

[antonlavey]

Originally Posted by ServeChilled81

Originally Posted by AntonLaVey

airmaxpenny1 wrot

Also happen to be gay

who is this?

Bayard Rustin
i looked him up......thanks

Today, blacks are no longer the litmus paper or the barometer of social change. Blacks are in every segment of society and there are laws that help to protect them from racial discrimination. The new "ni%%ers" are gays. . . . It is in this sense that gay people are the new barometer for social change. . . . The question of social change should be framed with the most vulnerable group in mind: gay people.




interesting
    

 

[antonlavey]

Originally Posted by ServeChilled81

Originally Posted by AntonLaVey

airmaxpenny1 wrot

Also happen to be gay

who is this?

Bayard Rustin
i looked him up......thanks

Today, blacks are no longer the litmus paper or the barometer of social change. Blacks are in every segment of society and there are laws that help to protect them from racial discrimination. The new "ni%%ers" are gays. . . . It is in this sense that gay people are the new barometer for social change. . . . The question of social change should be framed with the most vulnerable group in mind: gay people.




interesting
    

 

[gottabdashoes]

Originally Posted by B Smooth 202

The accomplishments are fine. That's wonderful. As Americans, we should be proud of achievements made by other Americans. What does being black have to do with it? It's in the past, let it go and move on. Besides, none of the wrongs were done to you. People are screwed up and living inthe past. Once they let this color barrier thing go, all of us might live more peaceful. It's too bad I won't be around in a couple hundred years when our brains evolve and get past this ignorance.

Get out of here with optimistic apologetic tones. The facts are in front of your face. You and the Americans before you have never had true equality. Develop your understanding of history before you talk aimlessly. Race is a barrier but we can't just act like that barrier was never there. That is the antithesis to the problem, even though it's the upcoming solution to your own personal safety and comfort.

A man named Francis Bok was the guest speaker at my university last week.He was a child slave from S.Sudan. Sudan has just made a move for independence! Francis was at my school seeking fighters and teachers. We can't allow these capitalist pigs to invest their money and corruption in our homeland which is calling for nourishment, development, and attention.


Apologetic? C'mon bro. I don't have anything to be sorry for.

You're not el-hajj malik el-shabazz either. If you want to join a revolution, go to Egypt. The facts are that injustices happened. As in, PAST TENSE. Not to you and not to me.
As for your history lesson up there.. take your newly discovered revolutionary dashiki wearing #$# outta here. There are people all over the world being oppressed. Some by their own people! Are the blood diamonds not an example? Just because a man comes to your school and tells you about his situation doesn't mean that you have to jump on his wagon. It doesn't make you an expert either. It's wonderful to believe in things and help people but their race shouldn't be a factor in deciding. If it's your homeland then move back. What are you doing here? Funny-style dudes.

Originally Posted by cguy610

Originally Posted by GottaBdaShoes

The accomplishments are fine. That's wonderful. As Americans, we should be proud of achievements made by other Americans. What does being black have to do with it? It's in the past, let it go and move on. Besides, none of the wrongs were done to you. People are screwed up and living in the past. Once they let this color barrier thing go, all of us might live more peaceful. It's too bad I won't be around in a couple hundred years when our brains evolve and get past this ignorance.

Care to elaborate on what is "ignorant" or who said we were "unequal"?  Who said we aren't proud of achievements made by other Americans? 

Your thought process and logic is awful.  Awfully stupid. 

Obviously you don't know how to process what you read the first time around. I'm saying that we should be proud of Americans and their achievements as a whole without considering whether they're black, purple, yellow, or any other color.

Besides, where in my post does it say anything about being "unequal?" Where does it say that no one else is proud of achievements by Americans?
Your reading ability is awful so you shouldn't be commenting on anyone else's mental capabilities until you fix your own problems.

 

[gottabdashoes]

Originally Posted by B Smooth 202

The accomplishments are fine. That's wonderful. As Americans, we should be proud of achievements made by other Americans. What does being black have to do with it? It's in the past, let it go and move on. Besides, none of the wrongs were done to you. People are screwed up and living inthe past. Once they let this color barrier thing go, all of us might live more peaceful. It's too bad I won't be around in a couple hundred years when our brains evolve and get past this ignorance.

Get out of here with optimistic apologetic tones. The facts are in front of your face. You and the Americans before you have never had true equality. Develop your understanding of history before you talk aimlessly. Race is a barrier but we can't just act like that barrier was never there. That is the antithesis to the problem, even though it's the upcoming solution to your own personal safety and comfort.

A man named Francis Bok was the guest speaker at my university last week.He was a child slave from S.Sudan. Sudan has just made a move for independence! Francis was at my school seeking fighters and teachers. We can't allow these capitalist pigs to invest their money and corruption in our homeland which is calling for nourishment, development, and attention.


Apologetic? C'mon bro. I don't have anything to be sorry for.

You're not el-hajj malik el-shabazz either. If you want to join a revolution, go to Egypt. The facts are that injustices happened. As in, PAST TENSE. Not to you and not to me.
As for your history lesson up there.. take your newly discovered revolutionary dashiki wearing #$# outta here. There are people all over the world being oppressed. Some by their own people! Are the blood diamonds not an example? Just because a man comes to your school and tells you about his situation doesn't mean that you have to jump on his wagon. It doesn't make you an expert either. It's wonderful to believe in things and help people but their race shouldn't be a factor in deciding. If it's your homeland then move back. What are you doing here? Funny-style dudes.

Originally Posted by cguy610

Originally Posted by GottaBdaShoes

The accomplishments are fine. That's wonderful. As Americans, we should be proud of achievements made by other Americans. What does being black have to do with it? It's in the past, let it go and move on. Besides, none of the wrongs were done to you. People are screwed up and living in the past. Once they let this color barrier thing go, all of us might live more peaceful. It's too bad I won't be around in a couple hundred years when our brains evolve and get past this ignorance.

Care to elaborate on what is "ignorant" or who said we were "unequal"?  Who said we aren't proud of achievements made by other Americans? 

Your thought process and logic is awful.  Awfully stupid. 

Obviously you don't know how to process what you read the first time around. I'm saying that we should be proud of Americans and their achievements as a whole without considering whether they're black, purple, yellow, or any other color.

Besides, where in my post does it say anything about being "unequal?" Where does it say that no one else is proud of achievements by Americans?
Your reading ability is awful so you shouldn't be commenting on anyone else's mental capabilities until you fix your own problems.

 

[dame theory]

Originally Posted by AntonLaVey

Originally Posted by ServeChilled81

Originally Posted by AntonLaVey

airmaxpenny1 wrot

Also happen to be gay

who is this?

Bayard Rustin

i looked him up......thanks

Today, blacks are no longer the litmus paper or the barometer of social change. Blacks are in every segment of society and there are laws that help to protect them from racial discrimination. The new "ni%%ers" are gays. . . . It is in this sense that gay people are the new barometer for social change. . . . The question of social change should be framed with the most vulnerable group in mind: gay people.




interesting
    

...and atheists...